HS-SPME-GC-MS对Pleurotus Geesteranus的脂肪酸和挥发性组分分析</T.itle> <link href="//www.newsama.com/static/themes/hindawi/base.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jfq/volume-2020/8894066/8894066-style.css" rel="stylesheet" class="next-head"> <link href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/qodxNOfMTKPqd5jUhs9lE/static/lib/basictable.css" rel="stylesheet" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/qodxNOfMTKPqd5jUhs9lE/static/lib/owl.carousel.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://static-01.hindawi.com/next_assets/qodxNOfMTKPqd5jUhs9lE/static/lib/owl.theme.default.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.18/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" class="next-head"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.18/bib-related-content.min.css" media="none" 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no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;margin-top:10px;min-width:55px;display:none;} @media (min-width:768px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .expand_btn{display:none;}} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{-webkit-flex:9;-ms-flex:9;flex:9;text-align:left;padding:21px 37px 10px 0px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700;} @media (min-width:768px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 18px 10px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-text{padding:19px 21px 10px 21px;}} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption 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no-repeat 6px;background-position:center;padding:16px 0 16px 0;min-width:62px;max-width:62px;} @media (min-width:768px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:16px 0 17px 0;min-width:52px;max-width:52px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url{padding:15px 0 17px 0;min-width:60px;max-width:60px;}} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption .caption-partial-url:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{font-size:14px;padding:0px 18px 17px 22px;} @media (min-width:768px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 15px 15px 18px;}} @media (min-width:992px){.jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text{padding:0px 18px 19px 21px;}} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text figcaption{margin:0;padding:0;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-section .floats-partial-footer .floats-partial-caption-text svg{max-width:100%;} .jfJGTx ol{font-size:16px;padding-left:32px;font-family:STIXGeneral-Regular;line-height:24px;margin:15px 0;} .jfJGTx ol li{margin:10px 0;padding-left:10px;word-break:normal;} .jfJGTx ol li a{word-break:break-all;} .jfJGTx ol li .reflinks{display:block;} .jfJGTx ol li .reflinks a{color:#4D8A17;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:pointer;} .jfJGTx ol li .reflinks a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;} .jfJGTx ol li .reflinks .sep{color:#000000;} .jfJGTx .table-wrapper{width:auto;overflow-x:auto;} .jfJGTx .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{-webkit-appearance:none;width:5px;height:5px;} .jfJGTx .table-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{border-radius:5px;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.5);} @media (min-width:768px){.jfJGTx .table-wrapper{overflow-x:auto;width:auto;-webkit-break-word:word-break;break-word:word-break;margin:0 auto;}} @media (min-width:992px){.jfJGTx .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:1324px){.jfJGTx .table-wrapper{width:auto;}} @media (min-width:320px){.jfJGTx{margin-bottom:33px;padding:0;}} @media (min-width:992px){.jfJGTx{padding:0;margin-bottom:100px;}} @media (min-width:1325px){.jfJGTx{margin-bottom:100px;}} .jfJGTx .owl-stage{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-middle--thumbs{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot svg{fill:#4D8A17;width:100%;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot strong{color:#4D8A17;font-weight:500;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active strong{color:#007B8B;} .jfJGTx .floats-partial-middle--thumbs .partial-carousel-dot.active svg{fill:#007B8B;} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel-dot{text-align:center;cursor:pointer;border:0;width:100px;padding-bottom:20px;background-color:#fff;display:table-cell;} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel-dot:focus-visible{outline-offset:-3px;} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:11px;padding-top:12px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jfJGTx .partial-carousel-dot strong{font-size:16px;}} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel-dot img{width:90px;height:90px;border:1px solid #979797;margin:10px 0;} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{border-top:1px solid #e3e3e3;display:block;margin-bottom:50px;padding-top:1px;} @media (min-width:767.5px){.jfJGTx .partial-carousel-wrapper .floats-partial-middle{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel--single-image{overflow:hidden;text-align:center;} .jfJGTx .partial-carousel--single-image 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href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/" aria-label="Journal of Food Quality">食品质量杂志</a>/<a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cpHetk jUUanO breadCrumb" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/contents/year/2020/" aria-label="2020">2020.</a>/<span class="sc-nrwXf drSekm">文章</span> </div> <div class="threeColumn__ThreeColumnWrapper-sc-1bf4078-0 comSpQ threeColumnWrapper"> <div class="threeColumn__LeftWrapper-sc-1bf4078-1 fkVFlF leftWrapper"> <button type="button" class="sc-ePZHVD kXdKQA section__button " id="sectionButton"><span class="sc-htoDjs diutvq icon__dots dots__detector icon-colored _3n-7Ho7DlfjMlZbrRr9Q4a icon-themeable" title="" font-size="22"></span>文章部分</button> <div class="sc-jtRlXQ dncNEX static_contents__section_links links__hidden "> <div id="leftSectionMenu" class="sc-lkqHmb yGOZn sc-jeCdPy eVPlap left_section_menu"> <p>在本页</p> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#abstract" aria-label="">抽象的</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#introduction" aria-label="">介绍</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#materials-and-methods" aria-label="">材料和方法</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#results-and-discussion" aria-label="">结果与讨论</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#conclusions" aria-label="">结论</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-bGbJRg ihXRQF" href="#data-availability" aria-label="">数据可用性</a></span> <span class="sc-bEjcJn iLzNBj grey" 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class="articleContent__ArticleContentsSectionsWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-1 jntdRu article_contents__sections_wrapper"> <div class="articleContent__ArticleWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-2 hAzjHP"> <div class="sc-iBEsjs kOIDmJ article_header_class"> <div class="sc-hzNEM ghYOuc"> <span class="sc-chbbiW gZBPaR">特刊</span> <h2 class="sc-kxynE iMTn">检测和分析技术在食用真菌中的应用</h2> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cooIXK dGunDM" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/si/438589/" aria-label="">查看此特殊问题</a> <hr class="sc-fZwumE bRVbnd"> </div> <p class="sc-fcdeBU jSVooP article_type">研究文章|开放访问</p> <div class="sc-gmeYpB edbFGD article_citation"> 体积 2020. <span class="sc-RcBXQ euBwsC">|</span>文章ID. 8894066. <span class="sc-RcBXQ euBwsC">|</span> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-iSDuPN kDGfWF" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8894066" aria-label="Doi-link">https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8894066</a> </div> <div class="sc-jKVCRD kVmHSX article_full_citation"> <div class="sc-LKuAh eHdRBi isHide"> <p>振华梁，李丽，琼新梁，李强姬，金梅王，长明李那 “<span class="adjust-article-svg-size">脂肪酸和挥发性组分分析<i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>通过HS-SPME-GC-MS</span>“，<i>食品质量杂志</i>那 卷。2020.那 文章ID.8894066.那 5.   页面那 2020.。 https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8894066</p> </div> <button class="sc-iAyFgw irxuxk sc-kaNhvL hZfccF" color="">显示引文</button> </div> <h1 class="sc-gPEVay iUuzmH sc-kZmsYB blFFOf article_title adjust-article-svg-size heading-title">脂肪酸和挥发性组分分析<i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>通过HS-SPME-GC-MS</h1> </div> <div class="sc-kQsIoO ilXkOX article_authors"> <hr class="sc-iQtOjA bpnzQO hr__author"> <span class="">振华梁那<sup>1那2那3.</sup></span> <span class="">Shanei Li.那<sup>1那4.</sup></span> <span class="">琼新梁那<sup>1</sup></span> <span class="">李强吉那<sup>1那4.</sup></span> <span class=""><b>金梅王</b><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="mailto:" aria-label="Mail Option"><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-gPzReC kIRihs icon-colored _2zt-1j0LmaF8UjTQAM413G icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-1893" aria-label="Redirect to Doi" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje iiusBg sc-jrIrqw kSCjIU" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="16"></a>那<sup>1那2那3.</sup> 和</span> <span class="">长琴李<sup>1</sup></span> <div class="sc-iybRtq hqlWOa isHide"> <p><sup>1</sup><span>河南大学食用菌加工技术国家研发中心，河南开峰475004</span></p> <p><sup>2</sup><span>河南开峰475004功能食品工程技术研究中心</span></p> <p><sup>3.</sup><span>河南大学食品资源职能联合国际研究实验室，河南开峰475004</span></p> <p><sup>4.</sup><span>河南河南Lonfon实业有限公司475300</span></p> </div> <button class="sc-iAyFgw irxuxk sc-hjRWVT erRKjF" color="">展示更多</button> </div> <div class="articleContent__EditorWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-3 evMkvU"> <div class="articleContent__TextWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-8 fYrLtk"> <b>学术编辑：</b>FATMA M. EL-DEMERDASH</div> <div class="articleContent__PublicationTimeLineWrapper-sc-2yl9jy-4 fjviok"> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">已收到</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2020年5月19日</span> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">修改</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">04 2020年6月4日</span> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC notPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">公认</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">20月26日</span> </div> <div class="articleContent__PublcationCol-sc-2yl9jy-5 hgKieC isPublished"> <span class="articleContent__PublicationField-sc-2yl9jy-6 cIribm">发表</span> <span class="articleContent__PublicationValue-sc-2yl9jy-7 khHUcu">2020年9月07日</span> </div> </div> </div> <article class="sc-hzDEsm jfJGTx article_body "> <div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="header" id="abstract">抽象的</h4> <p>挥发性成分和脂肪酸<i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>通过与GC-MS偶联的顶空固相微萃取来测定。有5种挥发性化合物<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>占总离子电流峰面积的43.43％，其主要化合物是2-未甲烷酮（13.99％），3-乙基-2,5-二甲基吡嗪（12.67％）和L-<i>β</i>- 基代（6.79％）。在乙醇提取物中鉴定了十四种化合物<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>从石油醚提取物中鉴定出6种脂肪酸，其占总离子电流峰面积的93.72％和98.48％，乙醇提取物中的主要化合物是乙基锂酸乙酯（67.36％）和氨基酸乙酯（21.83％），石油醚提取物中的主要脂肪酸是亚油酸（78.22％），棕榈酸（10.74％）和油酸（8.13％）。</p> <span class="end-abs"></span> <h4 id="introduction">1.介绍</h4> <p><i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>属于家庭肺炎，是印度的本土[<a href="#B1">1</a>那<a href="#B2">2</a>]。<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>包含许多类型的组分，包括蛋白质，脂肪，多糖，维生素，微量元素和8个必需氨基酸[<a href="#B3">3.</a>]。可食用真菌的挥发性组分如<i>莫斯基亚伊斯兰达</i>[<a href="#B4">4.</a>]，<i>P.</i>。<i>eryngii.</i>[<a href="#B5">5.</a>]，<i>Tricholoma Matsutake.</i>[<a href="#B6">6.</a>]，<i>牛肝菌州</i>[<a href="#B7">7.</a>]，和<i>Agaricus Bisporus.</i>[<a href="#B8">8.</a>[已报道，通过固相微萃取（SPME）检测，醇化合物是主要的化学成分<i>pleurotus.</i>蘑菇。醇和酮化合物是影响味道的关键组分<i>pleurotus.</i>蘑菇。目前的研究<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>主要专注于栽培技术[<a href="#B9">9.</a>]，保存[<a href="#B10">10.</a>]和生物学特征[<a href="#B11">11.</a>]。一些研究研究报告了<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>有抗氧化剂[<a href="#B12">12.</a>]，肝脏保护[<a href="#B13">13.</a>]，antirumor [<a href="#B14">14.</a>]，低血脂血症[<a href="#B15">15.</a>]和抗菌[<a href="#B16">16.</a>] 活动。但是，有价值的药用成分<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>尚未被识别。在该研究中，使用与气相色谱 - 质谱（HS-SPME-GC / MS）技术耦合的顶空固相微萃取来测定挥发性组分<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>。</p> <h4 id="materials-and-methods">2。材料和方法</h4> <h5 id="sec2.1">2.1。材料</h5> <p>干粉末<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>由河南龙峰实业有限公司（河南，中国河南，中国）提供。</p> <p>GC / MS仪器是Agilent 7890气相色谱仪（Agilent Technologies，Santa Clara，CA，USA），配备了5975个质谱仪（安捷伦技术）。固相微萃取（SPME）器件（SUPELCO，USA）和提取头为65 <i>μ.</i>M聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS-DVB，SUPELCO，USA）。C6-C26 N-烷烃购自美国阿尔法·阿甲岛，哈弗希尔。</p> <h5 id="sec2.2">2.2。萃取</h5> <p>930克<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>取粉，加入石油醚以在室温下提取3次72小时。过滤后，通过蒸发浓缩滤液，得到产率为1.39％的石油醚提取物。将残余物用70％乙醇在室温下萃取，然后过滤。通过蒸发浓缩滤液，得到乙醇提取物，产率为5.37％。</p> <h5 id="sec2.3">2.3。甲基酯化</h5> <p>用石油醚/乙醚（4/3）加入到10ml试管中的石油醚提取物（0.5g）至5ml，然后4ml 0.5mol / l Koh-Ch<sub>3.</sub>在70℃下加入OH溶液10分钟。冷却后，将蒸馏水（10mL）加入到声学和离心溶液中，并浓缩上清液。</p> <h5 id="sec2.4">2.4。HS-SPME.</h5> <p>手动SPME器件，具有65的纤维预热 <i>μ.</i>M厚的聚二甲基硅氧烷/二乙烯基苯（PDMS-DVB）用于萃取。干粉<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>，乙醇提取物和甲基化产物置于5ml小瓶中，然后将SPME纤维在密封小瓶的上部空间中暴露在60℃下30分钟。之后，将纤维取出并直接插入GC-MS入口（温度250℃）中1分钟。</p> <h5 id="sec2.5">2.5。测定脂肪酸和挥发性组分<i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i></h5> <p>使用GC / MS仪器分析脂肪酸和挥发性成分。GC配有DB-5MS毛细管柱（30米×0.25mm×0.25 <i>μ.</i>M，安捷伦技术）。以1.0ml / min的流速使用高纯度氦（99.999％）作为载气。入口温度为250℃。温度程序如下：初始柱温为50℃，2.0分钟，然后以8°C / min的速率编程为120℃，并保持2分钟，最后编程至220°C速率为4°C / min并在220℃下保持5分钟。使用分裂率为10：1的分离注射。MS在扫描模式（M / Z 30-400）中在扫描模式（m / z 30-400）中，在80eV的电离能量下，离子源温度为230℃，四极温度为150℃，输电线温度为280°C，电子乘数电压为1635 V.根据文献中的先前报告[<a href="#B17">17.</a>那<a href="#B18">18.</a>[Kovats保留指数（Ki）通过使用C的保留时间来计算<sub>6.</sub>-C<sub>26.</sub><i>n</i>在相同的色谱条件下注射的烷烃。Kovats保留指数计算公式如下：<span class="equation_break" id="EEq1"><span class="left_break" id="L1"></span><span class="middle_break"><span class="center_break" id="M1"> <svg height="29.2922pt" id="M1-1" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 162.064 29.2922" width="162.064pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B1-1"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,16.666)"> <path d="M667 0V28C619 34 599 43 546 100C496 154 386 277 311 372C378 440 449 512 488 547C551 605 575 615 650 622V650H410V622L433 619C478 614 479 604 449 568C404 513 337 443 282 390C254 364 234 350 212 345V520C212 609 222 616 299 622V650H41V622C120 616 128 611 128 520V128C128 41 120 34 44 28V0H304V28C221 34 212 41 212 128V318C229 321 242 318 266 291C355 185 436 87 514 0H667Z" id="g190-76"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.75,16.666)"> <path d="M303 0V28C221 34 213 39 213 125V525C213 610 221 616 303 622V650H38V622C120 616 128 610 128 525V125C128 40 120 34 38 28V0H303Z" id="g190-74"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,16.86,16.666)"> <path d="M535 323V373H52V323H535ZM535 138V188H52V138H535Z" id="g117-34"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,28.12,16.666)"> <path d="M384 0V27C293 34 287 42 287 114V635C232 613 172 594 109 583V559L157 557C201 555 205 550 205 499V114C205 42 199 34 109 27V0H384Z" id="g113-50"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,34.36,16.666)"> <path d="M241 635C89 635 35 457 35 312C35 153 89 -12 240 -12C390 -12 443 166 443 312C443 466 390 635 241 635ZM238 602C329 602 354 454 354 312C354 172 330 22 240 22C152 22 124 173 124 313S148 602 238 602Z" id="g113-49"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,40.6,16.666)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,46.84,16.666)"> <path d="M495 86L479 114C446 82 419 66 409 66C401 66 401 72 406 97C420 166 436 231 453 297C489 435 454 448 428 448C406 448 384 439 354 422C305 394 222 327 161 247H159L183 345C200 415 194 448 173 448C143 448 82 410 23 351L38 325C64 349 95 371 105 371C111 371 116 365 109 336L25 -4L31 -12C50 -4 77 3 107 9C119 69 132 122 145 168C197 254 321 381 370 381C387 381 393 374 378 305L329 95C309 17 320 -12 345 -12C372 -12 430 19 495 86Z" id="g113-111"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,56.28,16.666)"> <path d="M535 230V280H323V490H265V280H52V230H265V-3H323V230H535Z" id="g117-36"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,66.81,16.666)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-50"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,73.05,16.666)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,79.29,16.666)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-49"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,88.44,16.666)"> <path d="M528 54L331 254L528 455L492 493L294 291L96 493L60 455L257 254L60 54L96 16L294 217L492 16L528 54Z" id="g117-42"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,107.6,7.814)"> <path d="M324 430H196L233 583L223 592L145 529L120 430H54L29 396L31 388H111L56 126C33 15 54 -12 77 -12C137 -12 214 57 250 95L233 119C208 92 155 59 138 59C126 59 120 70 131 125L186 390L298 394L324 430Z" id="g113-117"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,111.97,10.946)"> <path d="M636 22C611 29 589 38 560 74C536 104 518 134 495 173L430 300C518 328 592 392 592 492C592 555 563 594 528 618C491 643 435 650 377 650H140L131 618C222 610 223 601 208 518L137 136C121 43 116 40 27 32L18 0H295L300 32C212 40 206 42 223 138L248 279H296C334 279 350 272 369 230C393 174 413 140 441 94C482 24 523 1 626 -8L636 22ZM497 480C497 422 468 374 417 343C387 324 353 315 304 315H255L298 556C303 583 309 598 319 603C331 610 348 613 367 613C448 613 497 573 497 480Z" id="g50-83"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,122.77,7.814)"> <path d="M535 230V280H52V230H535Z" id="g117-33"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,133.31,7.814)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,137.68,10.946)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-83"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,143.63,10.946)"> <path d="M504 89L488 119C453 85 428 69 416 69C408 69 405 75 412 102L462 304C492 438 460 451 436 451S388 441 356 423C311 397 229 336 170 256H168L189 340C208 418 200 451 177 451C144 451 82 413 24 352L40 322C65 345 98 369 108 369C114 369 119 363 112 335L28 -3L36 -12C54 -3 83 4 112 10C125 73 138 122 153 174C205 258 328 382 376 382C395 382 399 369 384 305L330 93C312 25 323 -12 351 -12C378 -12 439 21 504 89Z" id="g50-111"></path> </g> <rect height="0.65243" width="57.737" x="100.17" y="13.012"></rect> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,100.17,25.892)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,104.54,29.023)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-83"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,110.49,29.023)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,115.15,29.023)"> <path d="M556 236V289H337V504H275V289H56V236H275V-4H337V236H556Z" id="g54-36"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,120.71,29.023)"> <path d="M389 0V32C297 38 291 46 291 118V635C234 613 175 595 109 583V556L161 554C203 552 207 547 207 497V118C207 46 201 38 110 32V0H389Z" id="g50-50"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,130.21,25.892)"> <use xlink:href="#g117-33"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,140.74,25.892)"> <use xlink:href="#g113-117"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,145.11,29.023)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-83"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,151.06,29.023)"> <use xlink:href="#g50-111"></use> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,159.1,16.666)"> <path d="M95 130C70 130 46 113 46 88C46 72 54 64 59 64C93 55 121 33 121 -3C121 -41 93 -68 44 -88L55 -117C117 -98 186 -56 186 22C186 91 131 130 95 130Z" id="g113-45"></path> </g> </g> </svg></span></span><span class="right_break" id="R1"> <svg class="label" height="11.44pt" id="M1-2" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 13.398 11.44" width="13.398pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <g id="B1-2"> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,9.25)"> <path d="M300 -147C201 -63 143 98 143 270S200 602 300 686L282 710C136 611 70 451 70 272V271C70 90 136 -71 282 -169L300 -147Z" id="g190-41"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,4.5,9.25)"> <path d="M311 0V25C221 32 216 41 216 113V635C162 613 103 594 39 583V559L88 556C131 552 135 546 135 500V113C135 41 131 32 40 25V0H311Z" id="g190-213"></path> </g> <g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.9,9.25)"> <path d="M275 271C275 451 212 609 64 710L45 686C145 604 203 442 203 270S147 -63 45 -147L64 -170C213 -68 275 89 275 269V271Z" id="g190-42"></path> </g> </g> </svg></span></span>在哪里<i>N</i>和<i>N</i> + 1 are the number of normal alkane carbon atoms before and after the outflow;<i>T.</i><sub><i>rn.</i></sub>和<i>T.</i><sub><i>rn.</i>+1</sub>是相应的正烷烃的保留时间;和<i>T.</i><sub><i>R.</i></sub>是气相色谱中未知物质的保留时间（<i>T.</i><sub><i>rn.</i></sub> < <i>T.</i><sub><i>R.</i></sub> < <i>T.</i><sub><i>rn.</i>+1</sub>）。</p> <h4 id="results-and-discussion">3。结果与讨论</h4> <p>根据上述条件，组件<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>通过GC-MS分析粉末，乙醇提取物和石油醚提取物，并分别获得它们的总离子流动图。脂肪酸和挥发性成分用它们的质谱与耐rlpest3.1，NIST08.L光谱库，与文献中发表的保留指数相结合[<a href="#B19">19.</a>]和相关网站（<a href="http://www.vcf-online.nl" target="_blank">http://www.vcf-online.nl.</a>）。从总离子色谱图的峰面积自动计算分离化合物的相对百分比量。</p> <p>从粉末中鉴定了五种化合物占43.43％的化合物<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>，从乙醇萃取物中鉴定了14种化合物占93.72％的化合物，甲基化后，从石油醚提取物中鉴定出98.48％的6个脂肪酸。具体结果显示在表中<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab1/" target="_blank">1</a>和表格<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab2/" target="_blank">2</a>。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab1"> <table class="table-group" id="tab1"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td class="align_left">不。</T.d> <td class="align_center">RT（分钟）</T.d> <td class="align_center">复合名称</T.d> <td class="align_center">相似</T.d> <td class="align_center">相对内容（％）</T.d> <td class="align_center">ki.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="6"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">1</T.d> <td class="align_center">9.955.</T.d> <td class="align_center">3-乙基-2,5-二甲基吡嗪</T.d> <td class="align_center">90.</T.d> <td class="align_center">12.67</T.d> <td class="align_center">1089.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">2</T.d> <td class="align_center">14.155</T.d> <td class="align_center">2- undecanone.</T.d> <td class="align_center">94.</T.d> <td class="align_center">13.99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1266.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">3.</T.d> <td class="align_center">16.329</T.d> <td class="align_center">2-苯基丙酮醛</T.d> <td class="align_center">96.</T.d> <td class="align_center">6.08</T.d> <td class="align_center">1343</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">4.</T.d> <td class="align_center">19.787</T.d> <td class="align_center">L-<i>β</i>-Bisabolene.</T.d> <td class="align_center">95.</T.d> <td class="align_center">6.79</T.d> <td class="align_center">1459.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">5.</T.d> <td class="align_center">21.961</T.d> <td class="align_center">凯科尔</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">3.91</T.d> <td class="align_center">1533.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">全部的</T.d> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_center">43.43</T.d> <td class="align_left"></td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="6"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表格1</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 化合物和相对百分比<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>粉末。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-other-wrapper" data-section="tab2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-tab2"> <table class="table-group" id="tab2"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <table class="table"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td class="align_left" rowspan="2">不。</T.d> <td class="align_center" rowspan="2">RT（分钟）</T.d> <td class="align_center" rowspan="2">化合物名称</T.d> <td class="align_center" colspan="2">相对内容（％）</T.d> <td class="align_center" rowspan="2">相似</T.d> <td class="align_center" rowspan="2">ki.</T.d> </tr> <tr class="thead"> <td class="align_center">乙醇提取物</T.d> <td class="align_center">甲基化产品</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="thead-hr" colspan="7"> <hr></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">1</T.d> <td class="align_center">8.621</T.d> <td class="align_center"><i>γ.</i>- 萜烯</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.06</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">86.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1023.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">2</T.d> <td class="align_center">11.635.</T.d> <td class="align_center">Terpinen-4-OL</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.30</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">96.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1168.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">3.</T.d> <td class="align_center">11.981</T.d> <td class="align_center">苯甲酸</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.23</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">93.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1184.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">4.</T.d> <td class="align_center">12.821</T.d> <td class="align_center">estragole.</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.07</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.30</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1218.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">5.</T.d> <td class="align_center">15.736</T.d> <td class="align_center"><i>CIS.</i>- 乙醇</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.11</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.60</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1322.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">6.</T.d> <td class="align_center">17.169</T.d> <td class="align_center">苯丙酸酸</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.06</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">92.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1371</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">7.</T.d> <td class="align_center">20.677</T.d> <td class="align_center"><i>trans</i>- 基因酸</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.18</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">97.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1489.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">8.</T.d> <td class="align_center">22.307</T.d> <td class="align_center">烟酰胺</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.16</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">95.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1545.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">9.</T.d> <td class="align_center">28.582</T.d> <td class="align_center">五角洲ate</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.51</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1770.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">10.</T.d> <td class="align_center">30.213</T.d> <td class="align_center">乙基五乙酸</T.d> <td class="align_center">1.21</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1832年</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">11.</T.d> <td class="align_center">31.151</T.d> <td class="align_center">掌</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">10.74</T.d> <td class="align_center">99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1868年</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">10.</T.d> <td class="align_center">32.782</T.d> <td class="align_center">棕榈酸乙酯</T.d> <td class="align_center">21.83</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1933年</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">11.</T.d> <td class="align_center">34.956.</T.d> <td class="align_center">庚酸乙酯</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.72</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.</T.d> <td class="align_center">2023.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">12.</T.d> <td class="align_center">3598</T.d> <td class="align_center">el</T.d> <td class="align_center">0.14</T.d> <td class="align_center">8.13</T.d> <td class="align_center">99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">2050.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">13.</T.d> <td class="align_center">35.845.</T.d> <td class="align_center">linoleate.</T.d> <td class="align_center">1.30</T.d> <td class="align_center">78.22</T.d> <td class="align_center">99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">2061.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">14.</T.d> <td class="align_center">37.476</T.d> <td class="align_center">乙基LiNoleate.</T.d> <td class="align_center">67.36</T.d> <td class="align_center">-</T.d> <td class="align_center">99.</T.d> <td class="align_center">2130.</T.d> </tr> <tr> <td class="align_left">全部的</T.d> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_center">93.72</T.d> <td class="align_center">98.48</T.d> <td class="align_left"></td> <td class="align_left"></td> </tr> <tr class="table-tr"> <td colspan="7"> <hr class="tbody-hr"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">表2.</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 乙醇提取物和石油醚提取物的化合物和相对百分比。</div> </div> </div> <p>如表所示<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab1/" target="_blank">1</a>和图<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig1/" target="_blank">1</a>，主要化合物<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>粉末是2-未甲烷酮（13.99％），3-乙基-2,5-二甲基吡嗪（12.67％），l-<i>β</i>- 发酵（6.79％）和2-苯基丙酮醛（6.08％）。其中，2-未甲烷酮（13.99％）的含量最高。据报道，这不仅是一个重要的香气成分<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>，也有驱虫效果[<a href="#B20">20.</a>]。此外，3-乙基-2,5-二甲基吡嗪是常见的香气活性物质，L-<i>β</i>- 基替烯主要用作可食用的味道。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig1"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig1"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="8894066.fig.001" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jfq/volume-2020/8894066/figures/8894066.fig.001.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图1</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig1/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 挥发性组分的总离子流色谱图<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>粉末。</div> </div> </div> <p>在表格中<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab2/" target="_blank">2</a>和图<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig2/" target="_blank">2</a>，我们可以看出，乙醇提取物中的主要成分是乙基LineLeate（67.36％）和乙基棕榈酸乙酯（21.83％）。甲基化后石油醚提取物中的化合物是LiNoleate（78.22％），棕榈酸酯（10.74％），并以表格所示（8.13％）<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/tab2/" target="_blank">2</a>和图<a href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig3/" target="_blank">3.</a>。有四种常见的化合物：雌激素，<i>CIS.</i>- 乙醇，eARAIDATE和LINOLETE，石油醚提取物中的含量高于乙醇提取物中的含量。在乙醇萃取组分中，乙基LiNoleate具有最高的含量，并且具有多种药理作用，例如抗炎[<a href="#B21">21.</a>]，抗氧化剂[<a href="#B22">22.</a>]，降低人胆固醇[<a href="#B23">23.</a>]。乙醇萃取液中甘氨酸的相对含量也很高，不仅是降低血压的血管扩张因子[<a href="#B24">24.</a>]但还用于预防非酒精性脂肪肝炎[<a href="#B25">25.</a>]，进一步抗炎[<a href="#B26">26.</a>]抗灰度作用[<a href="#B27">27.</a>]。LinoLee是石油醚提取物中含量最高的组分，具有抗炎性[<a href="#B28">28.</a>]，抗血栓形成[<a href="#B29">29.</a>]，抗癌和抗炎症症作用[<a href="#B30">30.</a>]。</p> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig2"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig2"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="8894066.fig.002" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jfq/volume-2020/8894066/figures/8894066.fig.002.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图2.</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig2/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 乙醇提取物中组分的总离子流动图。</div> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-section partial-carousel-wrapper" data-section="fig3"> <div class="floats-partial-content fig-content-fig3"> <div class="partial-carousel--single-image"> <img alt="" name="8894066.fig.003" src="https://static-01.hindawi.com/articles/jfq/volume-2020/8894066/figures/8894066.fig.003.svgz"> <br> <strong></strong> </div> </div> <div class="floats-partial-footer"> <div class="floats-partial-caption"> <span class="caption-text">图3.</span> <a aria-label="full view" class="caption-partial-url" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/fig3/" title="" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="floats-partial-caption-text"> 石油醚提取物中组分的总离子流色谱图。</div> </div> </div> <p>以前的研究发现食用真菌的主要脂肪酸组分如<i>Lentinus编辑</i>那<i>Dictyophora Indusiata，</i>和<i>Auricularia auricula.</i>是亚油酸，棕榈酸和亚麻酸[<a href="#B31">31.</a>那<a href="#B32">32.</a>]。在这项研究中，我们还发现亚油酸是主要的脂肪酸<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>。刘[<a href="#B33">33.</a>]分析了挥发性组分<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>通过HP-SPME-GC-MS方法，鉴定了19种化合物，主要是3-辛醇（55.12％），1- octen-3-醇（20.03％）和3-辛烷酮（19.22％），这与我们的研究不同。</p> <h4 id="conclusions">4。结论</h4> <p>挥发性成分和脂肪酸<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>通过HS-SPME-GC-MS方法测定。有5个挥发性成分<i>P.</i>。<i>Geesteranus.</i>，从乙醇提取物中鉴定14种化合物，并从石油醚提取物中鉴定出6种脂肪酸。发现主要挥发性组分是2-未甲烷酮，主要脂肪酸是亚油酸。</p> <h4 id="data-availability">数据可用性</h4> <p>用于支持本研究结果的数据包括在文章中。</p> <h4 id="conflicts-of-interest">利益冲突</h4> <p>所有提交人士宣布没有关于本研究的利益冲突。</p> <h4 id="acknowledgments">致谢</h4> <p>这项工作得到了中国国家重点研发计划资助的中国（2018年，2018年）和河南省科技机构重点项目（202102110283）。</p> </div> <div class="xml-content"> <h4 class="references" id="references">参考</h4> <ol> <li id="B1">F. 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src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">下载引用</span></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-kTUwUJ fKwwpq fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-elJkPf ghbfGn sc-exkUMo ikaeWC ref_desktop" href="//www.newsama.com/journals/jfq/2020/8894066.ris" aria-label="" target="" id="toolbar__dcNavSmall"><span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-jtRfpW drOnJN" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="text">引文</span></span><span class="sc-htoDjs bqeMOy sc-kTUwUJ fKwwpq fileArrow icon-colored _3P4iUn1NDM5G77nWCamJ4l icon-themeable" title="" font-size="20"></span></a> </div> </div> <div class="journal_article__ArticleStickyBottomToolbar-sc-12fk6zy-1 isgRZA article_sticky_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-iYUSvU xdFeU article_bottom_toolbar"> <div class="sc-cHSUfg hlwZCh accordion" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8" id="toolbar__dofNav"> <span><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-iNhVCk fhBqDd" title="" role="presentation" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" height="24"><span class="sc-bfYoXt jLRaNL">下载其他格式</span><span class="sc-gbOuXE kvCIiS">更多的</span></span> <span class="sc-htoDjs bMdQcY sc-eAKXzc bmKKdh icon-colored _1CwL9R82TPl2HxDleeYGDR icon-themeable" title="" font-size="11"></span> </div> <div class="sc-cTjmhe fEoWte"> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cugefK irOfVO open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jfq/2020/8894066.epub" aria-label="ePub" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-fnwBNb gUqhXf"> epub.</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-iNhVCk fhBqDd" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"></a> <a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link sc-cugefK irOfVO open_panel" href="//www.newsama.com/downloads/journals/jfq/2020/8894066.xml" aria-label="XML" property="background-color" color="#D8D8D8"> <div class="sc-fnwBNb gUqhXf"> XML.</div><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl sc-iNhVCk fhBqDd" title="" role="presentation" 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height="24"><span class="sc-bfYoXt jLRaNL">订单印刷副本</span><span class="sc-gbOuXE kvCIiS">命令</span></span><span class="sc-htoDjs kNoiZu sc-eAKXzc bmKKdh right__icon icon-colored _32KP5uexH-Bgs7Kj8Gk1Tz icon-themeable" title="" font-size="16"></span></a> <div class="sc-bFADNz dxRcBT"> <div class="sc-cqpYsc bTgkQB"> <div> 意见<span>238.</span> </div> <div> 下载<span>187.</span> </div> </div> <div> <div class="sc-hBbWxd exhBez"> <span class="__dimensions_badge_embed__" data-doi="10.1155/2020/8894066" data-style="small_circle"></span>引用</div> </div> </div> <nav class="sc-Rmtcm hZsedb sc-dRFtgE evqjui" id="toolbar__iconNav"> <h3 class="sc-csuQGl idXHYp">分享帖子</h3> <ul class="sc-bRBYWo keayzM"> <li class="iconBorder"><a class="sc-htpNat bUhGXt link" href="https://twitter.com/share?url=https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8894066&via=Hindawi" aria-label="Sharing on Twitter" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><img alt="" class="sc-EHOje jOLhQl socialTwitter" title="" role="presentation" 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